Verb Conjugation Mastery
JLPT N5 Verb Forms & Grammar
Master all 12 essential verb forms and conjugation patterns for JLPT N5. Learn polite forms, plain forms, and te-form constructions with practical examples.
12
Total Patterns
3
Categories
3
Verb Groups
4
Tense Forms
๐
Polite Forms (ใงใ/ใพใ)
4 essential patterns
4 forms
VERB + masu-form (ใใพใ)
Example:
็งใฏๆฏๆฅๆฐ่ใ่ชญใฟใพใใ
ใใใใฏใพใใซใกใใใถใใใใฟใพใใ
watashi wa mainichi shinbun o yomimasu.
Translation & Usage:
I read newspaper every day.
Usage: Polite present/future tense
VERB + masen (ใใพใใ)
Example:
็งใฎๆฏใฏใขใซใณใผใซใ้ฃฒใฟใพใใใ
ใใใใฎใฏใฏใฏใขใซใณใผใซใใฎใฟใพใใใ
watashi no haha wa arukooru o nomimasen.
Translation & Usage:
My mother does not drink alcohol.
Usage: Polite negative present/future
VERB + mashita (ใใพใใ)
Example:
็งใฏๆจๆฅๆฌใ่ฒทใใพใใใ
ใใใใฏใใฎใใปใใใใใพใใใ
watashi wa kinou hon o kaimashita.
Translation & Usage:
I bought a book yesterday.
Usage: Polite past tense
VERB + masen deshita (ใใพใใใงใใ)
Example:
็งใฏใพใ ๆใ้ฃฏใ้ฃในใพใใใงใใใ
ใใใใฏใพใ ใใใใฏใใใในใพใใใงใใใ
watashi wa mada asagohan o tabemasen deshita.
Translation & Usage:
I have not yet eaten breakfast.
Usage: Polite negative past tense
๐
Plain Forms (ใ /ใงใใ)
4 essential patterns
4 forms
VERB + plain form
Example:
ๆฅๆฌไบบใฏๆฏๆฅๅพก้ฃฏใ้ฃในใใ
ใซใปใใใใฏใพใใซใกใใฏใใใในใใ
nihonjin wa mainichi gohan o taberu.
Translation & Usage:
Japanese eat rice every day.
Usage: Casual present/future, dictionary form
VERB + NAI form (ใใชใ)
Example:
็งใฎ็ถใฏใใฌใใ่ฆใชใใ
ใใใใฎใกใกใฏใใฌใใใฟใชใใ
watashi no chichi wa terebi o minai.
Translation & Usage:
My father does not watch TV.
Usage: Casual negative present/future
VERB + TA FORM (ใใ)
Example:
็งใฏๆฐ่ใ่ชญใใ ใ
ใใใใฏใใใถใใใใใ ใ
watashi wa shinbun o yonda.
Translation & Usage:
I read a newspaper.
Usage: Casual past tense
VERB + nakatta FORM (ใใชใใฃใ)
Example:
็งใฏใพใ ้ฃในใชใใฃใใ
ใใใใฏใพใ ใในใชใใฃใใ
watashi wa mada tabenakatta.
Translation & Usage:
I have not eaten yet.
Usage: Casual negative past tense
๐
Te-Form & Continuous Actions
4 essential patterns
4 forms
VERB + te FORM (ใใฆ)
Example:
ๆใ้ฃฏใ้ฃในใฆๅญฆๆ กใซ่กใใพใใใ
ใใใใฏใใใในใฆใใฃใใใซใใใพใใใ
asagohan o tabete gakkou ni ikimashita.
Translation & Usage:
I went to school after eating breakfast.
Usage: Sequential actions, requests
VERB + TE iRU (ใใฆใใ)
Example:
็งใฏๆฐ่ใ่ชญใใงใใพใใ
ใใใใฏใใใถใใใใใงใใพใใ
watashi wa shinbun o yonde imasu.
Translation & Usage:
I am reading a newspaper.
Usage: Ongoing action, current state
VERB + TE ARU (ใใฆใใ)
Example:
ใใฎใใผใใซๆผขๅญใๆธใใฆใใใพใใ
ใใฎใฎใผใจใซใใใใใใใฆใใใพใใ
kono nooto ni kanji ga kaite arimasu.
Translation & Usage:
There is a kanji written on this notebook.
Usage: Resulting state of action
VERB + naide (ใใชใใง)
Example:
ๆใ้ฃฏใ้ฃในใชใใงๅญฆๆ กใซ่กใใพใใใ
ใใใใฏใใใในใชใใงใใฃใใใซใใใพใใใ
asagohan o tabenaide gakkou ni ikimashita.
Translation & Usage:
I went to school without eating breakfast.
Usage: Action done without doing something else
๐ Quick Conjugation Guide
Godan Verbs (Group 1)
่ชญใ โ ่ชญใฟ (stem)
่ชญใฟใพใ (polite)
่ชญใใง (te-form)
่ชญใใ (past)
Ichidan Verbs (Group 2)
้ฃในใ โ ้ฃใน (stem)
้ฃในใพใ (polite)
้ฃในใฆ (te-form)
้ฃในใ (past)
Irregular Verbs (Group 3)
ใใ โ ใ (stem)
ใใพใ (polite)
ใใฆ (te-form)
ใใ (past)
๐ก Verb Form Usage Tips
Politeness Levels:
- โข Use ใพใ forms in formal situations
- โข Plain forms for casual conversation
- โข Te-form for connecting actions
- โข Choose based on relationship and context
Practice Strategy:
- โข Start with ใพใ forms (most common)
- โข Practice one verb group at a time
- โข Learn te-form patterns by heart
- โข Use in complete sentences
โก Essential Patterns to Master
High Priority:
ใใพใ
ใใพใใ
ใใฆ
ใใฆใใ
Common Mistakes:
- โข Confusing verb groups
- โข Wrong te-form endings
- โข Mixing politeness levels
- โข Forgetting context requirements
